Jesuits and Their Mission Strategies in Early Modern China

Litian Swen is an independent scholar. He received his PhD from The City University of New York. As a historian of Qing China, Swen is the author of two best-selling books on Christian missions in early Qing China: Emperor Kangxi’s Red Manifesto: The Qing Dynasty in Globalization (2024) and True Story Hidden: Kangxi's Deposition of the Crown Prince and Fictional History (2026).